In the field of philosophical demography, Astronism in Europe refers to the study of the presence of Astronism involving its diversity, potency, and the nature of its organisation across the countries of the continent of Europe. In alphabetical order, this study includes Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia (formerly Macedonia), Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom (UK), and Vatican City (Holy See). History of Astronism in Europe. Astronism finds its origins in the United Kingdom in the personage of Cometan in his sole authorship of the Omnidoxy, the philosophical treatise which came to found Astronism. It was from the United Kingdom that Astronism began to spread to continental Europe.